What legislation categorized drugs based on their potential for addiction and abuse?

The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) is the legislation that established a framework for categorizing drugs based on their potential for addiction and abuse. This act classifies substances into schedules ranging from I to V, with Schedule I drugs having a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use, while Schedule V drugs have a lower potential for abuse and accepted medical uses.

This categorization helps regulate the manufacture, distribution, and prescription of these substances to ensure public safety and prevent drug abuse. The CSA also provides measures for the treatment of addiction and illegal trafficking of controlled substances. It encompasses a wide range of drugs, including opioids, stimulants, and depressants, among others, which are monitored closely due to their potential for abuse.